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The new year

If the mood for Britain in 1939 was of defiance, then the mood for Britain in 1940 was one of nervousness. European countries were falling to the Germans at an alarming pace - Luxembourg ... Holland ... Belgium. The Allied troops were extricated from the Continent via Dunkirk, France our neighbour, and only remaining European ally, surrendered - we were now alone in Europe ... and waiting for the onslaught. The Germans were at The English Channel and were viewing their next conquest.

It was not long. Enemy aircraft bombed our cities and towns and the local papers carried news that some of our local men were either dead or missing in action, a stark contrast to the headlines of heroic men who heard the call to arms that the papers reported of in the previous year.

The Government introduced Anti-Rumour, 'Making Ends Meet', "Go To It" On The Kitchen Front campaigns. A new order was introduced that prohibited all cars and motorbikes, apart from those with 'special permission', from entering a 5 mile exclusion zone from the Suffolk, and other South East counties, coast.

Britain looked inwards, suspicion and rumours spread. Sixth Columnists, German troops were apparently already being covertly parachuted into Britain in advance of the German landings. There were blackouts and rationing, and anyone found compromising these were dealt with severely.

This nervousness was being felt in Brandon too ...


Nervousness

Gossip can be depressing and defeatist, and may reach the enemy. Rumours may well be started by the enemy. In fact there was a prosecution in Bury St. Edmunds for ‘careless talk’.

"In the event of an invasion being attempted by the enemy it will be necessary to limit drastically the number of vehicles using the roads so that the movement of military or other essential traffic is not hampered. The movement of private vehicles , e.g. doctors, is likely to be prohibited, and in some areas vehicles will have to be made incapable of movement by the removal of essential parts of their mechanism."


Council Matters

Even with a war raging there were still local government issues to be resolved in the Mildenhall Rural District Council.

Brandon residents felt unhappy and neglected by the County Council during the heavy snowfalls that fell across the region in January. They asked their Council member,
Mr H. Lingwood, to protest to the County Council on the matter.

The cul-de-sac opposite the Church is named
Coronation Place, one other suggestion was Croft Place.

Some tenants of Council homes in Brandon were asked to cultivate their gardens.


Cinema

A welcome distraction in Brandon was the Avenue Cinema.
February, you could watch, "The Little Princess", starring
Shirley Temple
March, showed the arrival of "East Of Heaven", starring
Bing Crosby and Joan Blundell

The Mildenhall Rural District Council amended the 1932 Entertainment Act under the Emergency Powers Act, 1939, to allow cinemas to open on Sundays at 5 p.m. to 10 p.m. This was with a condition that as long as the cinema showed entertainment of a "healthy character, and properly conducted". The Bishop of Lichfield had drawn up a list of films he considered suitable for Sunday viewing. The primary aim of opening on Sundays was to entertain the troops at home.


Egg story #2

With all the depressing news, and the hefty censorship, any piece of light news was very welcome. It was reported that a hen belonging to Mr Vic Edwards of the Coach and Horses Inn, Thetford Road, laid a "fossil egg". It was encrusted with lime, but still had a good yolk!


-To 1941-

"With Sure Faith that by the resolute courage and endurance of our race we shall win through to happier days"

THE BURY GAS COMPANY


Brandon dog owner fined

John William Norton, Pine Villa, was fined 10s for keeping a dog without a licence.


Bank Holiday

The Bank Holiday of Monday 5th August was cancelled throughout the UK and it was to be a usual Monday of trading.


Robbery

28 farthings were stolen from Interantional Stores after the door was forced open.


New Toilets
Mr E Norton was appointed cleaner of the new Brandon toilets and received payment of 5s a week.


Brandon's ARP Exercise

During March, an exercise to test the response of the Brandon A.R.P was held.
Three top ARP officials from West Suffolk were in attendance to observe the proceedings.
Mr R.J. Woodrow (Parish ARP Organiser) and his staff held their HQ at the Flintknappers Club Room. Mr H. Edwards (Chief Warden) was in charge and along with Mrs H. Wentworth-Smith and Mr B. Olley (Women's and Men's Red Cross), held their HQ in the old School House.
Police Sgt J.A. Adams and P.C. L. Johnson were in attendance throughout the exercise.

The first incident was situated at the Fox and Hounds on the Thetford Road. 2 casualties were caused by anti-aircraft splinters.

The second was situated at the back of the Ram Hotel. 5 casualties were caused by an enemy high explosive bomb.

The third exercise was west of Mile End and involved the response of the Police to a report of an unexploded bomb found in the ground.

Mr Creese (County Organiser ARP) announced he was very impressed at the common sense and co-ordination of the Brandon ARP members. Dr Roger (County Medical Officer) said he found the First Aid was excellent and he was also pleased with the spirit of the ARP members in Brandon.

Later in the month, Mr H. Edwards (Chief Warden) and Mr R.T. Wodrow (Parish ARP Organiser ) gave details of the distribution of babies' gas mask helmets and children's respirators.



REASONS FOR RATIONING

War has meant the re-planning of our food supplies.
Half our meat and most of our bacon, butter and sugar
come from overseas. Here are four reasons for rationing:-

RATIONING PREVENTS WASTE OF FOOD We
must not ask our sailors to bring us unnecessary food
cargoes at the risk of their lives.

RATIONING INCREASES OUR WAR EFFORT Our
shipping carries food, and armaments in their raw and finished
state, and other essential raw materials for home consumption and
the expert trade. To reduce our purchases of food abroad is to
release ships for bringing us other imports. So we shall strengthen
our left out.

RATIONING DIVIDES SUPPLIES EQUALLY There
will be ample supplies for our 44½ million people, but we
must divide them fairly, everyone being treated alike. No one must
be left out.

RATIONING PREVENTS UNCERTAINTY Your Ration
Book assures you of your fair share. Rationing means that
there will be no uncertainty - and no queues.

YOUR RATION BOOK IS YOUR PASSPORT TO EASY
PURCHASING OF BACON & HAM, BUTTER AND SUGAR.

AN ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE MINISTRY OF FOOD, GT. WESTMINSTER HOUSE, LONDON, S.W.1

 

"Go to your local Food Office or your District Nurse for a form for free, or cheap, milk if you are an expectant mother, or have a child under 5.
Do not open new tins of fruit or vegetables this month - use fresh ones and preserve some for Winter.
Try new ways of cooking rice. It is plentiful. Order a week's supply at once
."

Ministry of Food
THIS WEEK’S
FOOD
FACTS.

Do you throw away scraps of food
rather than bother to make them up?
Do you have odd snacks during the day? Do you eat
just a little more than you need at mealtimes?
In peacetime these indulgences matter not. In war
time they matter vitally. We must save the Nation’s
money and free the cargo space which is needed for
munitions. Remember that this is not only a war
in the air and on land and sea, but a war in the
kitchen as well.

On the kitchen front

Save sugar. Stew apples with
chopped figs - it’s a new way,
a nice way, and you’ll need less
sugar.
THICK SOUP. Use the remains
of to-days rice pudding to thicken
to-morrow’s soup.
EAT MORE PLUMS. Plums
are in season now. Make full
use of them and less of the tinned
fruit, which should be kept for
winter use.

REMEMBER. That if everyone in
Great Britain wanted ½ oz of
bread daily we should be wasting
250,000 tons of wheat a year, and
that 30 wheat ships would be
required to carry that amount.
Listen in at 8.15 every morning
for Kitchen Front news.

RECIPE FOR CAULIFLOWER CHEESE.
Divide a medium-sized cauliflower
into small branches. Steep in salted water
for fifteen minutes. Steam until tender,
about 15 minutes. If you have no steamer
put in a saucepan with a teacup full
of salted water, cover with the lid and
cook steadily until tender, about 10 minutes.
Arrange in a shallow dish and if steamed
season with a little salt. Sprinkle with one
tablespoon of breadcrumbs mixed with three
heaped tablespoons of grated cheese. Brown
in the oven or under the grill. Serve
piping hot.
Stale bread baked in the oven and grated
is excellent for this dish. If you boil the
cauliflower, serve the water for soup or
gravy.

THE MINISTRY OF FOOD. LONDON. S.W.1

A food tip, printed in the local press:

A grand use for stale bread.

Cut the stale ends of your loaves into neat pieces and bake them in the oven whenever you happen to have it on. They make crisp, delicious rusks, excellent for the children’s teeth.


Brandon women 'do their bit' for the war effort.

Brandon WI would approach the West Suffolk Education Committee to erect air raid shelters for the children attending school.

A whist drive organised by Mrs F. Edwards and Mrs J.W. Norton raised £2 12s 6d. The proceeds were to go to provide parcels for Brandon men serving abroad.

Brandon W.I. member,
Mrs G. Clarke offers the use of her shed, in Lode Street, as a collection point for old newspapers. Also in Lode Street, a dump is proposed for old bedsteads, cycle frames and other sources of metal. All metals were intended to be recycled and turned in war machinery, such as tanks and ships, (This was the Government's propaganda to get all Britains involved in the war effort, in truth very little scrap was actually used.) to help the war effort.

Miss W. Neep arranges an 'Emblem' Day and raises £8 7s for the British Sailors' Society.


Buy a Bomber

Efforts were made locally to ‘buy a bomber’. This was a scheme where all the Brandon organisations were notified of the scheme to raise £100 to ‘buy‘ a bomber to donate to the R. A. F. The treasurer was Mr. F. W. Gentle of Avenue House and the Secretary was Mr. A. Kidd of Manor Road.

In September a house to house collection boosted the fund to £88 11s 3½d.

In November the Bomber Fund reached £114 13s.

Details of the donations are:

INDIVIDUAL DONATIONS COLLECTIONS
Mr M. C. Grady £10 10s
Messrs. F. J. Mount and Sons £5 5s
Dr. E. V. Beaumont £5
Messrs. F. W. Gentle & Son £5
Brandon’s W.I. £5
Mr. S. Chapman and family £3
Miss. H. Owles £3 3s
Mr. & Mrs. Geo Whitta £2 2s
Messrs. Moss & Potter £2 2s
Mr. & Mrs. Wm M. Green £2
Mr. G. Morse £1
Rev. Tyrell H. Green 10s 6d
Mrs. C. T. Knight (
a visitor from Sidcup) 10s
Mr. & Mrs. A. E. Malt 10s
Miss. Davies 10s
Mrs. Dyer 5s
Thetford Road £9 2s 6d
London Road £3 16s 11½d
Weeting £3 15s
London Road £3 12s 10½d
High Street £3 9s 9d
Brandon Hall (
Fund HQ) £3 2s
Market Hill, George Street & Bury Road £2 10s 8d
Town Street £2 1s 9d
Santon Downham £1 6s 6½d
Mile End, Park View & Coronation Place £1 5s 6d
Manor Road & Church Road 16s 3d
Flintknappers box £1 18s 2d
Ram Hotel box 16s 4d
Secretary box (
#1) £2 0s 7½d
Secretary box (
#2) £ 2 8s 10½d

Mr. B.A.M. Lingwood writes ...
(November)

"In his sombre picture of the trials that lie before us the Prime Minister said: "Constancy and valour will be our only shield."  I wish he had included hope among our defenders.

For a small minority a return to pre-war conditions may be incentive enough to maintain these virtues through the years of tribulation which Mr Churchill envisages, but a return to the discontent which caused the rise and near-triumph of Fascism will not be sufficient to maintain constancy and valour in the masses.  That is why a fuller vision of a better future world beyond the mere liberation of the conquered nations is so urgently necessary before the winter, both for the starving and oppressed peoples of Europe and for bombed Britain.

Must we wait for the U.S.A. to enter the war before a democratic worldwide New Deal is held up to counter the Fascist New World Order?"

Missing In Action

In July, it was reported that:

"Mrs. J. W. Brown of London Road has been officially notified that her husband Pte. J. W. Brown of the Suffolk Regiment is missing."


DFC award

In June, it was reported that Flying Officer Gerald Bernard Warner, an Irishman and well known in Brandon was awarded the DFC by The King.

The report went on to state that he, "displayed exceptional skill & courage when attacked by a superior number of enemy aircraft ... Warner has at all times shown exceptional skill and coolness in the face of the enemy."

Warner destroyed a Bf109 and damaged a Bf110.


Mortuary

At the Mildenhall Rural District Council, the question was raised for a mortuary to be situated in Brandon. Council members agreed to give the Sanitary Inspector power to hire any suitable building for use as a mortuary.


Black Out

Parish Councilor & local butcher, F.W. Gentle, was brought before the Petty Sessions because he allowed a light to be shown at the entrance of his house in the Avenue after the blackout, at 11.30pm on 18th June. A policeman alerted to the light tried in vain to wake the Councilor and ended up climbing up to pull the light from it’s fitting in the front door porch. The case was dismissed after the councilor admitted his wife turned on the wrong light and he paid 4s costs.

Also in June a Santon Downham resident was fined 10s for displaying a light from his home during the blackout on May 30th.  PC Adams said that both living room windows were not blacked out and an oil lamp was burning in the room.  When questioned the defendant claimed that he did not realise that it was tiem for the balckout.

Two domestic servants were fined 5s, with 2s 6d costs each for displaying a light at Kenilworth House, Thetford Road on 5th July.

28 farthings were stolen from the International Stores after the door had been forced open.


Blackout regulation

A new order was declared that prohibited cars and motorbikes from within 5 miles of the Suffolk coast.

"Torches may only be used if dimmed by 2 thickness of tissue paper, or the equivalent, and they must be directed downwards. Torches must be immediately extinguished when the air-raid warning sounds."

In November it was announced that British Summer Time would be extended through the Winter, therefore meaning clocks would not go back.


Slaughter house

The slaughter house located at F. W. Gentle’s butcher’s is granted permission to slaughter animals that are injured during air-raids.


Remembrance Parade

On November 10th at 3 p.m. the Remembrance Parade went ahead as normal, though it was more poignant. It was marshalled and led by Mr. L. G. Yates and General H. G. J. de Lotbiniere.
Led by a band and also featuring in the parade were the Civil Defence, Home Guard, the British Legion, Odd Fellows, Red Cross and the Brandon A.R.P. Wardens.

Gen. de Lotbiniere read out the names of the dead and the Rector read the names of those Brandon men held as P.O.W.s or missing.

A record collection of £11 18s 6d was collected for Earl Haig’s Fund.

The total money collected for the annual Poppy Appeal was £62 11s 10d.


Cricket

As Spring gave way to Summer, so football gave way to cricket. Brandon were not playing the best of games it had to be said.

Brandon at Buckenham
Brandon - 28 for 5

(P.C. Gough 0; G.A. Gill 0; H.Smith 1; H.J. Underwood 19; A.R. Tuck 2; B.Beckham 0; J.N. Norman 2; extras 4)

Buckenham Tofts - 90 for 9

Brandon vs Attleborough (at Heath House)
Brandon - 37 for 9

Attleborough - 121 for 9


Bowls

In August Brandon Ouseside hosted Brandon Railway Hotel in a game of bowls and it resulted in a win for the home team by 46 shots.

(0useside) W. J. Murrell, J. W. Norton, G. Whitta 37
(Railway Hotel) E. Leatherdale, W. Edwards, E. Bullock 6
   
(0useside) B. Lingwood, E. J. Mount, F. Ridsdale 24
(Railway Hotel) R. H. Fowler, J. Cater, W. Pettitt 13
   
(0useside) W. A. Murrell, L. Dick, W. Lewis, R. Harrington 20
(Railway Hotel) T. Sanders, J. Carter, J. Bullock, R. Zipfel 14
   
(0useside) R. Stebbings, A. E. Osborne, J. Ashby 14
(Railway Hotel) W. Mortimer, J. Wells, J. Beckham 16


1940 WORLD WAR EVENTS

January
8th - butter, bacon and sugar is rationed in Great Britain;

February
1st-28th - British break the enigma code;
12th Australian and New Zealand troops land at Suez;

March
10th - exiled German scientists in Great Britain produce plans for an atomic bomb;
11th - meat rationing in Great Britain;

April
9th - German forces occupy Denmark and invade Norway;
27th - men aged 26 are registered for military service;

May
1st - Norway surrenders;
4th-8th - Allies evacuate from Norway;
5th - exiled Norwegian Government sets up in London;
10th - Prime Minister Chamberlain resigns; Winston Churchill takes over; Germany invades Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg;
13th-28th - Allies land near, and capture, Narvik, Norway;
15th - Holland capitulates and their Government sets up office, in exile, in London;
20th - German forces reach The Channel;
26th - Dunkirk evacuation of Allied troops begins;
27th - Belgian Army capitulates;

June
3rd - Dunkirk evacuation ends after the recovery of 350,000 troops;
4th - those Allied troops unable to be evacuated are taken prisoner by the Germans, estimates are put at 40,000.
10th - Italy declares war on Great Britain and France;
14th - Germans enter Paris;
22nd - French-German armistice signed;
28th - Charles De Gaulle sets up office in London;
30th - Germans occupy Guernsey;

July
10th - Battle of Britain begins;
11th - Petain becomes head of French State;
21st - Czech Government sets up in London;
27th - British subjects arrested in Japan;

August
17th - Hitler declares a blockade of the British Isles;
19th - Hitler's peace term rejected by Britain;
25th - RAF’s first raid on Berlin;

September
3rd - Hitler plans the invasion of Britain, "Operation Sea Lion"; Britain receives 50 US Destroyers in return for granting US leases in Bermuda, Jamaica, Trinidad, British Guinea and Newfoundland;
7th - London’s Blitz begins;
13th - Italians invade Egypt;
17th - Hitler’s "Operation Sea Lion" is postponed;
22nd - Japanese forces enter Indo-China;
25th Quisling Government in Norway;
27th - Germany, Italy and Japan sign Tripartite (AXIS) Act;

October
7th - German enter Romania;
12th - Hitler postpones "Operation Sea Lion" until Spring 1941;
22nd - First deportation of Jews from Germany into Poland;
28th - Italians invade Greece;

November
1st - Jews forbidden to leave the walled ghetto of Warsaw;
5th - Roosevelt re-elected as US President;
11th - 12th - Taranto raid, British Fleet Air Arm cripples the Italian Fleet;
14th - Coventry blitzed;
19th - Birmingham blitzed;
22nd - Greeks defeat the Italian 9th Army;
28th - Liverpool blitzed;

December
8th - Heavy air attacks on London;
11th - British capture Sidi Barrani, North Africa;
20th - Liverpool suffer a heavy air attack;

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